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Tap any rung for its meaning.
The S is a stepping stone — borrowed at rung 2 to keep bears a real word, then given back at the summit. There may be several par routes — the census above shows which ones climbers actually took.
A flat, thin piece of wood used in building or as a surface.
Board comes from Old English 'bord', meaning a plank or side of a ship. It is related to Old Norse 'borð' and German 'Bort'. The word expanded over time to cover tables, committees, and the act of getting onto a vehicle.
Full entry on Wiktionary ↗Cheerful, lively, and full of energy.
Perky is thought to derive from 'perk', possibly from Old French 'perquer', meaning to perch. The sense of being lively or jaunty developed in English. It is related to the phrase 'perk up', meaning to become more cheerful.
Full entry on Wiktionary ↗Definitions give each word’s most common meaning — the full entries live at Wiktionary.